The real causes of hydrocephalus or “water on the brain” are still cannot be determined. Hydrocephalus may be because of abnormal inherited genetics or developmental disorders while some say hydrocephalus occurs because there are some complications of premature birth such as tumors, traumatic head injury, meningitis, and intra-ventricular or subarachnoid hemorrhage that block the outflow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the ventricles to the cisterns.

Among the causes that can clearly be seen of hydrocephalus is because of excessive fluid buildup in the brain. Normally, the fluid (CSF) will absorb into the bloodstream just after it was produced but because of the excessiveness, the bloodstream cannot absorb the CSF immediately and may put pressure on the ventricles. For older people, they often suffer from normal pressure hydrocephalus. Normal pressure hydrocephalus will not increase the pressure on the brain but it will enlarge the ventricles. This may be the result of illness or injury but in most cases, the causes are unknown.

Hydrocephalus in young children may also be associated with the following conditions:

• Bleeding in the brain during or after birth (usually in premature babies).
• There are tumors at the central nervous system including spinal cord or the brain.
• Trauma or injury.
• There are some infections that affecting the central nervous system such as meningitis (usually in infants).
• Get injured before, during or after childbirth.

Hydrocephalus usually occurs in children but adult and elderly also will experience this problem. If you not seek immediate treatment, it can be life-threatening or can cause death.

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